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| Dataset Title: | Tracking of Arctic tern migrations 2007-2008
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| Institution: | GINR (Dataset ID: zd_705) |
| Range: | longitude = -62.5 to 107.5°E, latitude = -76.5 to 71.5°N, time = 2007-01-01T01:00:00Z to 2008-05-31T01:00:00Z |
| Information: | Summary
| License
| FGDC
| ISO 19115
| Metadata
| Background
| Subset
| Data Access Form
| Files
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![[The graph you specified. Please be patient.]](https://erddap.eurobis.org/erddap/tabledap/zd_705.png?longitude,latitude,YearCollected&time%3E=2008-05-25T00%3A00%3A00Z&time%3C=2008-06-01T00%3A00%3A00Z&.draw=markers&.marker=5%7C5&.color=0x000000&.colorBar=%7C%7C%7C%7C%7C&.bgColor=0xffccccff)
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Attributes {
s {
ScientificName {
String long_name "ScientificName";
String sdn_P02_name "SeaDataNet biological format biotic parameters";
String sdn_P02_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/BPRP/";
String sdn_P02_urn "SDN:P02::BPRP";
String sdn_parameter_name "Taxon of biological entity specified elsewhere";
String sdn_parameter_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/SCNAME01/";
String sdn_parameter_urn "SDN:P01::SCNAME01";
String sdn_uom_name "Not applicable";
String sdn_uom_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P06/current/XXXX/";
String sdn_uom_urn "SDN:P06::XXXX";
String standard_name "scientificname";
String units "Not applicable";
String units_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/SCNAME01/";
}
BasisOfRecord {
String long_name "BasisOfRecord";
String units "None";
String units_uri "None";
}
InstitutionCode {
String long_name "InstitutionCode";
String units "None";
String units_uri "None";
}
YearCollected {
Float32 actual_range 2007.0, 2008.0;
String long_name "YearCollected";
String units "None";
String units_uri "None";
}
MonthCollected {
Float32 actual_range 1.0, 12.0;
String long_name "MonthCollected";
String units "None";
String units_uri "None";
}
DayCollected {
Float32 actual_range 1.0, 31.0;
String long_name "DayCollected";
String units "None";
String units_uri "None";
}
time {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Time";
Float64 actual_range 1.1676132e+9, 1.2121956e+9;
String axis "T";
String ioos_category "Time";
String long_name "Time";
String standard_name "time";
String time_origin "01-JAN-1970 00:00:00";
String time_precision "1970-01-01T00:00:00Z";
String units "seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z";
String units_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/CJDY1101";
}
ObservedIndividualCount {
Float32 actual_range 1.0, 6.0;
String long_name "ObservedIndividualCount";
String units "http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/individualCount";
String units_uri "http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/individualCount";
}
Notes {
String long_name "Notes";
String units "None";
String units_uri "None";
}
longitude {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Lon";
Float32 actual_range -62.5, 107.5;
String axis "X";
String ioos_category "Location";
String long_name "Longitude";
String standard_name "longitude";
String units "degrees_east";
String units_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ALONZZ01";
}
latitude {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Lat";
Float32 actual_range -76.5, 71.5;
String axis "Y";
String ioos_category "Location";
String long_name "Latitude";
String standard_name "latitude";
String units "degrees_north";
String units_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ALATZZ01";
}
aphia_id {
String long_name "aphia_id";
String sdn_P02_name "SeaDataNet biological format biotic parameters";
String sdn_P02_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/BPRP/";
String sdn_P02_urn "SDN:P02::BPRP";
String sdn_parameter_name "Identifier (LSID) of biological entity specified elsewhere";
String sdn_parameter_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/SNANID01/";
String sdn_parameter_urn "SDN:P01::SNANID01";
String sdn_uom_name "Not applicable";
String sdn_uom_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P06/current/XXXX/";
String sdn_uom_urn "SDN:P06::XXXX";
String standard_name "aphia_id";
String units "Not applicable";
String units_uri "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/SNANID01/";
}
}
NC_GLOBAL {
String AccConID "24";
String AccConstrDescription "This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work non-commercially, and although their new works must also acknowledge you and be non-commercial, they don’t have to license their derivative works on the same terms";
String AccConstrDisplay "This dataset is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.";
String AccConstrEN "Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)";
String AccessConstraint "Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)";
String AccessConstraints "None";
String Acronym "None";
String added_date "2012-06-13 15:53:41.127000";
String BrackishFlag "0";
String CDate "2012-05-14";
String cdm_data_type "Other";
String CheckedFlag "0";
String Citation "Egevang, C. 2012. Tracking of Arctic tern migrations 2007-2008. Data downloaded from OBIS-SEAMAP (http://seamap.env.duke.edu/dataset/705) on yyyy-mm-dd.";
String Comments "None";
String ContactEmail "None";
String Conventions "COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3";
String creator_name "Egevang";
String CurrencyDate "None";
String DasID "3074";
String DasOrigin "Research: field survey";
String DasType "Data";
String DasTypeID "1";
String DateLastModified "{'date': '2025-02-18 01:34:01.301036', 'timezone_type': 1, 'timezone': '+01:00'}";
String DescrCompFlag "0";
String DescrTransFlag "0";
Float64 Easternmost_Easting 107.5;
String EmbargoDate "None";
String EngAbstract "The study of long-distance migration provides insights into the habits and performance of organisms at the limit of their physical abilities. The Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea is the epitome of such behavior; despite its small size (<125 g), banding recoveries and at-sea surveys suggest that its annual migration from boreal and high Arctic breeding grounds to the Southern Ocean may be the longest seasonal movement of any animal. Our tracking of 11 Arctic terns fitted with miniature (1.4 g) geolocators revealed that these birds do indeed travel huge distances (more than 80,000 km annually for some individuals). As well as confirming the location of the main wintering region, we also identified a previously unknown oceanic stopover area in the North Atlantic used by birds from at least two breeding populations (from Greenland and Iceland). Although birds from the same colony took one of two alternative southbound migration routes following the African or South American coast, all returned on a broadly similar, sigmoidal trajectory, crossing from east to west in the Atlantic in the region of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone. Arctic terns clearly target regions of high marine productivity both as stopover and wintering areas, and exploit prevailing global wind systems to reduce flight costs on long-distance commutes. ";
String EngDescr "Purpose: The Arctic tern is known to make the longest annual migration in the animal kingdom. During its breeding season, it is found far to the north where summer days are long, and it winters far south in the southern hemisphere, where the days are longest during November to February. This means that the Arctic tern probably experiences more sun light during a calendar year than any other creature on Earth. The long-distance travel of the Arctic tern is well-known both amongst researchers and in the broader public. Now, for the first time, technological advances allow us to follow the Arctic tern on its immense journey, practically from pole to pole. Supplemental information: Four erroneous points were removed from the original dataset: ARTE_410, 9/17/2007 noon; ARTE_370, 9/13/2007 noon; ARTE_373, 9/15/2007 noon and 9/16/2007 noon. Sand Island (74.263 degrees N, 20.160 degrees W), northeast Greenland, is the breeding colony for these Arctic terns and was placed on the map (red-orange square). Sand Island can be used as the beginning and end of all tracks, but since exact dates of the starting and ending of the migration were not available (high-Arctic zone = continuous day light during summer = poor positions when using geolocators), the tracklines for each animal were not mapped to and from the breeding colony. Original provider: Greenland Institute of Natural Resources Dataset credits: Greenland Institute of Natural Resources";
String FreshFlag "0";
String GBIF_UUID "767f57dd-bdb8-44cb-bf20-f9aafafa4137";
Float64 geospatial_lat_max 71.5;
Float64 geospatial_lat_min -76.5;
String geospatial_lat_units "degrees_north";
Float64 geospatial_lon_max 107.5;
Float64 geospatial_lon_min -62.5;
String geospatial_lon_units "degrees_east";
String history
"2025-03-09T23:16:30Z (local files)
2025-03-09T23:16:30Z http://erddap.eurobis.org/tabledap/zd_705.das";
String infoUrl "None";
String InputNotes "None";
String institution "GINR";
String keywords "aphia_id, BasisOfRecord, DayCollected, InstitutionCode, latitude, longitude, MonthCollected, Notes, ObservedIndividualCount, ScientificName, time, YearCollected";
String License "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0";
String license
"The data may be used and redistributed for free but is not intended
for legal use, since it may contain inaccuracies. Neither the data
Contributor, ERD, NOAA, nor the United States Government, nor any
of their employees or contractors, makes any warranty, express or
implied, including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
particular purpose, or assumes any legal liability for the accuracy,
completeness, or usefulness, of this information.";
String Lineage "None";
String MarineFlag "1";
String modified_sync "2021-02-04 00:00:00";
Float64 Northernmost_Northing 71.5;
String OrigAbstract "None";
String OrigDescr "None";
String OrigDescrLang "English";
String OrigDescrLangNL "Engels";
String OrigLangCode "en";
String OrigLangCodeExtended "eng";
String OrigLangID "15";
String OrigTitle "None";
String OrigTitleLang "English";
String OrigTitleLangCode "en";
String OrigTitleLangID "15";
String OrigTitleLangNL "Engels";
String Progress "Completed";
String PublicFlag "1";
String ReleaseDate "None";
String ReleaseDate0 "None";
String RevisionDate "None";
String SizeReference "3468 tracking records";
String sourceUrl "(local files)";
Float64 Southernmost_Northing -76.5;
String standard_name_vocabulary "CF Standard Name Table v70";
String StandardTitle "Tracking of Arctic tern migrations 2007-2008";
String StatusID "1";
String subsetVariables "ScientificName,BasisOfRecord,YearCollected,MonthCollected,DayCollected,aphia_id";
String summary "The study of long-distance migration provides insights into the habits and performance of organisms at the limit of their physical abilities. The Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea is the epitome of such behavior; despite its small size (<125 g), banding recoveries and at-sea surveys suggest that its annual migration from boreal and high Arctic breeding grounds to the Southern Ocean may be the longest seasonal movement of any animal. Our tracking of 11 Arctic terns fitted with miniature (1.4 g) geolocators revealed that these birds do indeed travel huge distances (more than 80,000 km annually for some individuals). As well as confirming the location of the main wintering region, we also identified a previously unknown oceanic stopover area in the North Atlantic used by birds from at least two breeding populations (from Greenland and Iceland). Although birds from the same colony took one of two alternative southbound migration routes following the African or South American coast, all returned on a broadly similar, sigmoidal trajectory, crossing from east to west in the Atlantic in the region of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone. Arctic terns clearly target regions of high marine productivity both as stopover and wintering areas, and exploit prevailing global wind systems to reduce flight costs on long-distance commutes. ";
String TerrestrialFlag "0";
String time_coverage_end "2008-05-31T01:00:00Z";
String time_coverage_start "2007-01-01T01:00:00Z";
String title "Tracking of Arctic tern migrations 2007-2008";
String UDate "2024-08-08";
String VersionDate "None";
String VersionDay "14";
String VersionMonth "5";
String VersionName "1";
String VersionYear "2012";
String VlizCoreFlag "1";
Float64 Westernmost_Easting -62.5;
}
}
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